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Probing the electronic properties and interaction landscapes in a series of N-(Chlorophenyl)pyridinecarboxamides

Gallagher, John F. orcid logoORCID: 0000-0003-4130-4556 (2022) Probing the electronic properties and interaction landscapes in a series of N-(Chlorophenyl)pyridinecarboxamides. Crystal Growth and Design, 22 (5). pp. 3343-3358. ISSN 1528-7505

Abstract
A 3 × 3 isomer grid of nine N-(chlorophenyl)pyridinecarboxamides (NxxCl) is reported with physicochemical studies and single crystal structures (Nx = pyridinoyl moiety; xCl = aminochlorobenzene ring; x = para-/meta-/ortho-), as synthesized by the reaction of the substituted p-/m-/o-pyridinecarbonyl chlorides (Nx) with p-/m-/o-aminochlorobenzenes (xCl). Several of the nine NxxCl crystal structures display structural similarities with their halogenated NxxX and methylated NxxM relatives (x = p-/m-/o-substitutions; X = F, Br; M = methyl). Indeed, five of the nine NxxCl crystal structures are isomorphous with their NxxBr analogues as the NpmCl/Br, NpoCl/Br, NmoCl/NmoBr, NopCl/Br, and NooCl/Br pairs. In the NxxCl series, the favored hydrogen bonding mode is aggregation by N–H···Npyridine interactions, though amide···amide intermolecular interactions are noted in NpoCl and NmoCl. For the NoxCl triad, intramolecular N–H···Npyridine interactions influence molecular planarity, whereas NppCl·H2O (as a monohydrate) exhibits O–H···O, N–H···O1W, and O1W-H···N interactions as the primary hydrogen bonding. Analysis of chlorine-containing compounds on the CSD is noted for comparisons. The interaction environments are probed using Hirshfeld surface analysis and contact enrichment studies. The melting temperatures (Tm) depend on both the lattice energy and molecular symmetry (Carnelley’s rule), and the melting points can be well predicted from a linear regression of the two variables. The relationships of the Tm values with the total energy, the electrostatic component, and the strongest hydrogen bond components have been analyzed.
Metadata
Item Type:Article (Published)
Refereed:Yes
Subjects:Physical Sciences > Chemistry
Physical Sciences > Organic chemistry
Physical Sciences > Crystallography
DCU Faculties and Centres:DCU Faculties and Schools > Faculty of Science and Health > School of Chemical Sciences
Publisher:ACS
Official URL:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00153
Copyright Information:Open Access
ID Code:28850
Deposited On:27 Jul 2023 16:07 by John Gallagher . Last Modified 27 Jul 2023 16:07
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