The primary question of this research is ‘How does Development Induced Displacement (DID) restructure gendered relationship in tribal matrilineal societies?’ The context of the research is Meghalaya in North East India, which has a dominant tribal population with a matrilineal culture and is frequently cited as a relatively gender equal society. Existing literature has argued that due to displacement induced by the introduction of coal mining in the region, the tribal indigenous women in Meghalaya have lost their traditional status. This study, however, moves beyond the observed impact of the displacement induced by coal mining on indigenous tribal women in Meghalaya and analyses ‘what’ are the processes that work in restructuring gendered relations and ‘how’ do they operate to produce this transformation. DID in this sense will be understood not only as physical displacement, but also as social and cultural displacement. While the impact of DID on tribal and other subaltern groups has been researched, the role of displacement in reordering gender relations has not yet been sufficiently studied. This research conducts a gender analysis of DID in the tribal indigenous society of Meghalaya where DID induced by mining has been ongoing for the last 30-40 years.